California Sea Otters essays

California Sea Otters articles The California, or southern, ocean otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) is the main ocean otter subspecies at present recorded as a jeopardized species under the government Endangered Species Act. The California ocean otter is additionally a completely secured warm blooded creature by California state law and by the Marine Mammal Protection Act. During the 1700s, the ocean otters were pursued to approach annihilation for their hide. In the late 1930s, a little populace of otters (assessed at roughly 300) was found along Californias Big Sur coast. The California populace is evaluated at a negligible 2,000 as of Fall 2001. Generally, there were between 16,000 to 20,000 ocean otters along the shore of California Ocean otters are delegated both an umbrella species, and a cornerstone animal groups. As an umbrella species, the securities made for the ocean otter will basically influence countless different species in their environment. A cornerstone animal types is a term used to allude to the ocean otters useful job inside their biological system. The taking care of propensities for the ocean otters crucially affect their biological framework, and their activities influence a considerable lot of the life forms inside their natural pecking order. The ocean otters can be alluded to as markers of the strength of their biological system. Numerous causes have been perceived as adding to the populace decay: shark assaults, shot injuries, mating exercises, angling/net line wounds, environment debasement, absence of a sufficient food gracefully, land and water contamination, and sickness. In a 1996 report, about 1700 ocean otter passings had been recorded. The report expressed that 18.9% of the passings were from an injury, 12% from shark assaults, 4.6% from shot injuries, 2.3% from mating exercises, 4.6% from angling/net line wounds, 16.5% because of ward creatures, 4% from normal causes, and 56% of the passings were unsure. From 1992 to 1995 the National Wildlife Heath Center had analyzed roughly 5 ... <! California Sea Otters articles The California, or southern, ocean otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) is the main ocean otter subspecies at present recorded as an imperiled species under the government Endangered Species Act. The California ocean otter is likewise a completely secured warm blooded animal by California state law and by the Marine Mammal Protection Act. During the 1700s, the ocean otters were pursued to approach annihilation for their hide. In the late 1930s, a little populace of otters (evaluated at around 300) was found along Californias Big Sur coast. The California populace is evaluated at an insignificant 2,000 as of Fall 2001. Generally, there were between 16,000 to 20,000 ocean otters along the shore of California Ocean otters are delegated both an umbrella species, and a cornerstone animal categories. As an umbrella species, the assurances made for the ocean otter will basically influence countless different species in their environment. A cornerstone animal groups is a term used to allude to the ocean otters practical job inside their biological system. The taking care of propensities for the ocean otters crucially affect their environmental framework, and their activities influence a significant number of the living beings inside their natural way of life. The ocean otters can be alluded to as pointers of the strength of their environment. Numerous causes have been perceived as adding to the populace decay: shark assaults, gunfire wounds, mating exercises, angling/net line wounds, natural surroundings debasement, absence of a satisfactory food flexibly, land and water contamination, and illness. In a 1996 report, almost 1700 ocean otter passings had been recorded. The report expressed that 18.9% of the passings were from an injury, 12% from shark assaults, 4.6% from gunfire wounds, 2.3% from mating exercises, 4.6% from angling/net line wounds, 16.5% because of ward creatures, 4% from normal causes, and 56% of the passings were dubious. From 1992 to 1995 the National Wildlife Heath Center had analyzed around 5 ... <!

DYADIC RELATIONSHIPS and (B) CHARISMATIC AND TRANSFORMATION LEADERSHIP Case Study - 1

DYADIC RELATIONSHIPS and (B) CHARISMATIC AND TRANSFORMATION LEADERSHIP - Case Study Example e to share their piece of adaptation over a specific issue; this gives subordinates certainty and feeling of possession that they are an important piece of the association. Furthermore, simultaneously, this brings all out and functional instead of shallow cooperation in dynamic, in addition, this trade relationship rouses them to benefit progressively subordinate independence. During circumstances such as the present, many would not differ that associations succeed when they permit their authoritative administration to broaden self-sufficiency and guarantee the idea of decentralization aggregately. 2. Remark on â€Å"Dyadic connections ordinarily progress through a progression of high points and low points with shifts in perspectives as the two gatherings endeavor to accommodate their longing for self-sufficiency with their craving for nearer involvement† The LMX hypothesis is immature. It still can't seem to completely characterize the all territories and way trade connections advance after some time (Yukl, 2010, p.239). This hypothesis proposes that trade connections build and advance in an extremely smooth yet nonstop manner, taking their base from the underlying impressions. Be that as it may, some longitudinal examinations fight that the LMX connections grow quicker and stay stable. In any case, different investigates don't concur with this case, they fight that dyadic connections experience a progression of high points and low points, where jobs of practices can't be sabotaged. The closer elaboration surfaces a few realities. No doubt, observations assume an imperative job in creating or dissolving any trade connections. Many further investigations inside this region would enormously be useful in examining and comprehension the each party’s view of the connections. Appealling pioneers are commonly transformational (Lussier, 2010, p.349). In any case, not all transformational pioneers become fruitful in accomplishing their changing outcomes through the appealling of their characters. Charming pioneers like to advance their own picture and distinguishing proof rather than transformational

10 Important Study Habits for Students

10 Important Study Habits for Students This worksheet includes 10 self-regulation study habits for students, focused on helping them create and manage effective and productive study spaces and routines. In addition to the hints and tips, the worksheet includes a number of questions oriented around self-assessment, awareness and reflection. This resource is provided courtesy of Free Spirit Publishing, the leading publisher of positive, practical and pro-kid classroom materials for social-emotional learning, character education, gifted and talented learners, and special education. To succeed in school, students need more than subject area knowledgeâ€"they must learn  how  to learn. Self-regulation, an executive functioning skill, describes the ways that students focus attention on achieving success. Self-regulated learners find personal value in learning, develop effective study habits, welcome challenges, seek help, and use failure as a learning tool. This user-friendly guide makes the process of developing self-regulation as easy as  ABC:  Affect (how you feel),  Behavior (what you do), and  Cognition (how you think). Teaching students to balance these three elements builds motivation, resilience, and college and career readiness. Digital content includes customizable forms from the book. A free PLC/Book Study Guide is available for download.

The, And Administrative Decrees Documented During The...

After Alexander the Great conquest of Egypt in 332 BC, Egypt was ruled for the following three centuries by the foreign Greek dynasty of the Ptolemies. Although Egypt was subjugated by Alexander in 332 BC it wasn’t actually until 305 BC that the Ptolemaic dynasty was officially established. Ptolemaic Egypt would have been considered one of the two greatest powers in the Hellenic East. However, there is evidence that shows that the first troubles that Ptolemaic Egypt had to face actually originated from Egypt itself. These troubles were formed largely due to the ethnic tension that had formed with the native Egyptians and the immigrated Greeks. There was a third community of people present in Ptolemaic Egypt at this time, these people being that of the Jewish faith (find better way to introduce this shit). It is the hope of this essay to prove through analyse of literary texts, papyri, and administrative decrees documented during the reign of the Ptolemaic dynasty that the tens ion between these two groups was extremely strong. This can be attributed to a fusion of the Greeks disdain for the native Egyptians and the Egyptians resentment of the Greeks due to the ill treatment they receive from them. Even from the very first migration of Greeks in Egypt, Ptolemaic Egypt was a bureaucracy were in which your social standing was determined by your race, and the prevailing ethnicity was that of the Greeks. Although the Greek were the minority in Egypt this did not stop from being

Essay on Analysis of Crash Movie - 1973 Words

The white supremacy movie The Oscar-winning best picture -- extensively prefigured, especially by white liberals, for proceeding an honest discussion of race in the United States -- is, in fact, a holdup in the crucial project of forcing white America to come to terms the reality of race and racism, white supremacy and white privilege. The central theme of the film is simple: Everyone is prejudiced -- black, white, Asian, Iranian and, we are responsible, anyone from any other racial or ethnic group. We all carry around racial/ethnic baggage that’s filled with unfair stereotypes, long-stewing grievances, raw anger, and crazy fears. Even when we think we have made progress, we find ourselves caught in frustratingly complex racial webs†¦show more content†¦Studies continue to demonstrate how, on average, whites are more likely than members of racial/ethnic minorities to be on top on measures of wealth and well-being. Looking specifically at the gap between white and black America, on some measures black Americans have fallen further behind white Americans during the so-called post-civil rights era. For example, the typical black family had 60 percent as much income as a white family in 1968, but only 58 percent as much in 2002. On those measures where there has been progress, closing the gap between bl ack and white is decades, or centuries, away. What does this white supremacy mean in day-to-day life? One recent study found that in the United States, a black applicant with no criminal record is less likely to receive a callback from a potential employer than a white applicant with a felony conviction. In other words, being black is more of a liability in finding a job than being a convicted criminal. Into this new century, such discrimination has remained constant. That’s white supremacy. Many people, of all races, feel and express prejudice, but white supremacy is built into the attitudes, practices and institutions of the dominant white society. It’s not the product simply of individual failure but is woven into society, and the material consequences of it are dramatic. It seems that the people who made â€Å"Crash† either don’t understand that, don’t care, or both. The character in the filmShow MoreRelatedMovie Analysis : The Movie Crash 1662 Words   |  7 Pagesneed to know in a short amount of time.When it comes to the textual analysis of it all it all depends on how the script is written not only that but how the script is played out in the film. In the textual analysis of a film you have to really pay attention to the environment during the film. You have to pay attention to the race in the film, the themes throughout the film and the gender roles played in the film. In the movie Crash we see many pairs where they each have their own different points ofRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1055 Words   |  5 Pages1108 23 November 2015 Movie Analysis Although the movie Crash aired in 2004, the movie does a phenomenal job at depicting social conflicts that are still evident in 2015. Crash, also deals with wide range of controversies and offers multiple narratives. And since narrative is always a two-way street, the movie does a great job of showing two perspectives of everything. More specifically, it challenges our ethical and moral beliefs in a sense that many of the scenes in the movie reside in the grey areaRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1362 Words   |  6 Pagescalled â€Å"Crash†, this movie basically talks about racism and the impact it has on the lives of people in Los Angeles. This movie got a good response from the viewers, as it concentrated on some real harsh realities of racism and asked some hard questions which are generally avoided in movies. This movie clearly promotes the a very delicate issue, and hence requires some detailed assessment. I personally feel the movie was good and it portrayed some very common events of racism, I think â€Å"Crash† showsRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1853 Words   |  8 Pages GENRE I RACE IN THE FILM CRASH DEPARTMENT OF FILM AND CREATIVE WRITING INTRODUCTION TO FILM STUDIES B MODULE CODE: 09 24802 STUDENT ID: 1613440 MICHELE AARON UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM 1. Introduction This paper is a critical analysis of the American film Crash, directed by Paul Haggis which was performed for the first time in 2004. This essay will therefore deal with Gender I and Race, two of the approaches discussed in the subject Introduction to Film Studies B in the secondRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Crash 963 Words   |  4 Pagesindividual, for instance the way they perceive others and also the way they perceive themselves. Paul Haggis’s movie â€Å"Crash† conceptualize on this idea and interpret it in an in entirely different way; so that we can see that there are reasons and motives to why our society is separated this type of way. The movie is full of many sociological issues, such as gender, race, and social class. The movie is centralize around racism, and wants to give its own interpretation on racism, the reasons why it happensRead MoreDepth Analysis of the Movie Crash2037 Words   |  7 Pagespaper will provide a broad analysis of the movie Crash, and yet a specific picture of visual narrative techniques and audio techniques. The categories contributing to the nucleus and major movie components are theatrical elements, cinematography, editing, and sound. The Academy Award winning movie Crash is a story about society s controversial subjects projected in an in your face depiction of lives that in some way or another, cross. Depth Analysis of the Movie Crash The over-all theme ofRead MoreMovie Analysis : The Movie Crash1926 Words   |  8 PagesThe Movie Crash takes place in Los Angeles, California in the winter time. Throughout this movie, all of the stories connect in one way or another. This movie shows the lives of a diverse population of people, they have different race and social classes. In one of the first parts of the movie, they show a racist pawn shop owner that refuses to sell a gun to a man, simply because he is speaking to his daughter in another language, he generalizes all people of that race and accuses the man of â€Å"killingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Crash 1394 Words   |  6 PagesCRASH! This was the last sound Tim Horton heard before he crashed into the woods. His drunk body made the violent rolling of the car feel like nothing. His mind still back at the bar, crying for a better life. He wanted this attempt to be painless and quick, but was depressed to see his immaculated body upside down in his turnovered car. The drunk had no more tears to shed, he had no screams to let out; all he could do was hit his head against the seat. He wanted something to break ,but his mindRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1606 Words   |  7 Pagesare many movies out there that take a viewpoint form so many angles, this movie Crash does this that. Watching this mo vie brought about many emotions from my own life but to get a sense of what other people in the world go through when it comes to interacting with other races, the experiences we’ve had with them and also the perspectives we hold inside of us overall. This chapter will look at three scenes form the move crash and break each one of them down to showcase the significance of what individualRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Crash Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesWriting Inquiry  Ã‚   September 29, 2106  Ã‚           Ã‚   Crash Movie Essay  Ã‚   Since the beginning of time, the world has been intolerant of people that are different or stand out. People have an issue accepting others that have contrasting views, values, opinions, beliefs, and even appearances. Whether we like it or not, there is a little bit racism in all of us, although it may not be as evident in one person as it is in another. In the 2004 film,  Crash, race is portrayed as being an abnormality that negatively

Pig Cruelty Essay Free Essays

Pig Cruelty Around 1. 3 billion pigs are slaughtered annually for meat worldwide. The majority of these are in East Asia, particularly China, which rears around half of the world’s pigs. We will write a custom essay sample on Pig Cruelty Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now They are usually slaughtered after 4-7 months. Pigs intended for pork are usually slaughtered 1-2 months younger than pigs for bacon. I think that the way pigs are being raised and slaughtered is corrupt and barbaric. Mother pigs; spend most of their lives in individual â€Å"gestation† crates that are approximately seven feet long and two feet wide, not large enough for them to turn around in. Just before giving birth they are moved to â€Å"farrowing† crates, which also are not large enough for them to turn around in or build nests for their young. The deprived environment produces neurotic coping behaviours such as repetitive bar biting, sham chewing and obsessively pressing on water bottles. Piglets are taken from their mothers when they are as young as 10 days old and are packed into pens until they are separated to be raised for breeding or meat. They are too overcrowded and prone to stress-related behaviours, such as cannibalism and tail biting. On a television episode of TV ones Sunday that I watched, the New Zealand pork industry was dealt a shameful and public relations slap-in-the-face after its former comedian celebrity kingpin, Mike King, ousted their farming practises as ‘brutal’, callous’ and ‘evil’. Mike condemned the â€Å"appalling treatment† of factory farmed pigs. He observed inside a New Zealand piggery and found a dead female pig inside a sow stall, lame or crippled pigs and others that could barely stand. Pigs either extremely depressed or highly distressed, pigs that had scars and injuries and a lack of clean drinking water. Mike says â€Å"they were screaming and frothing at the mouth, I was disgusted and I’m sorry I was ever a part of promoting it†. This is no joke, real life ‘Babes’ see no sun in their limited lives, except for when being loaded onto the truck to be slaughtered; they have no hay to lie on, no mud to roll around in, not like in our childhood books and movies. There is no freedom or joy in their short lives; it is a misery from the day they are born to the day they die. Pigs feel pain just as humans do. Imagine living in your own urine and faeces? No one would want to live like that, so why do we do this to them? Bacon, pork and ham are all very lovely food indeed, but is it needed to treat them like this? If this is the case, I’m not sure I want to continue eating these foods. I understand the fact that free range products are expensive, but if the government made factory farming illegal then there would be more competition, so they will have to compete with prices. If we all made a push towards making factory farming illegal then I believe it would be more cost effective. Just think about how much healthier the meat would be. At the end of the day it’s not just the pig farmers that need to wake up, we all do†¦ If we really wanted to we could put a stop to this cruelty, by only buying free range products; starting protesting; making petitions, but we do not and this where collective guilt comes into it. If New Zealanders or better yet, the world started doing these things we could easily stop the market for factory farmed pigs, and farmers would be forced to change their practice. If your packet does not read ‘free range’, you know the truth. Help stop pig cruelty today. Kendell Gaskell How to cite Pig Cruelty Essay, Essay examples

Auditing Theory and Practices Performing Analytical Procedure

Question: Discuss about the Auditing Theory and Practicesfor Performing Analytical Procedure. Answer: Assessing Inherent Risk and Performing Analytical Procedure While carrying out the audit procedure, the auditor must determine the inherent risk associated with various accounts. In assessing the level of inherent risk, the level of internal control must be analysed and the susceptibility of the financial statement to material misstatement are also analysed. The factors that can be analysed to assess the level of inherent risk are In the given situation the Posh Limited hired the new CEO during 2013 and the company experienced the growth rate in profit ranged to 6% during 2013 and 2015. As the board of directors were satisfied with the performance of the CEO, they offered him with cash bonus in every year if the growth exceeds 5%. The CEO was dedicated to increase the performance and planned to open 15 new stores. In the given case of Posh Limited, as the CEO was to get annual cash bonus if the profit exceed 5%, there is a likelihood that the CEO will try to manipulate the profit, so that he can get the cash bonus. This risk shall be analytically checked to remove the likelihood of risk as it is clear from the given financial results that the profit growth for 2016 is over 5%. (Barndt, Fuller Flynn, 2016). On the other hand, the analytical procedures are performed at the planning period to determine the timing, nature and extent of work that are required to be performed under the audit process. The analytical procedure includes the following: The interest coverage ratio of the company must be compared with the industrial average The debt to asset ratio of the company must be compared with the industrial average Comparing the growth percentage of profit of the client with the industry data Comparing the inventory turnover ratio of Posh Limited or the the similar data of prior period (Walsh, 2014). Control risk and relevant internal control for audit objectives Control risk is the risk of likelihood that the misstatement above the tolerance level will not be detected or prevented by the internet control system of the client. Generally, there are 4 phases for understanding the internal control and evaluating the control risk. In 1st phase the auditor gets an idea of internal controls. At next phase the auditor make a preliminary analysis of control risk and carry out control tests in every audit as part of the 3rd phase. The auditor utilises the results from the controls test for both the internal control and audit report over financial reporting and to analyze the control risk that is in phase 4 (Jiang Son 2015). The management generally has 3 bigger objectives while designing for an effective system of internal control. They are: Financial reporting reliability: the report of Posh limited must be prepared with the the regulations under the GAAP. The financial statement of the company do not include the write-down expense of inventory, therefore, they are not following the standards of GAAP. Effectiveness and efficiency of operations: as per the view of the chief accountant, the unrealised inventory is not required to recognize the loses from inventory. This will hamper the effectiveness and efficiency of the financial statements as well as the operations of the company. Compliance with regulations and laws: the chief accountant is the close friends of the CEO and he keeps him updated regarding the financial progress of the company and also discuss the crucial accounting issues with the CEO. This violates the regulations and compliance of the auditing standard (Zhao et al., 2016). In the given circumstances, if the loan raised for the expansion of Posh Limited, it can be seen from the given ratios that immediately after obtaining the loan during February 2016, the debt asset ratio of the company goes up to 62% that is higher than the prescribed limit of 60% and the interest coverage ratio fell to 9.6% that is lower than the prescribed requirement of 10%. However, when the full year is considered, it is identified that the both the ratios are as per the requirement. Therefore, it can be said that the companys internal control and risk control approach are in place. The inherent risks are associated with the structure or model of the organization like financial institutions and banks that have the inherent risk of cash robbery, misstatement that are handled at big volumes. These risks cannot be controlled owing to the fundamental structure of the organization. On the other hand, control risks are the risks that take place due to the implementation of internal control for minimizing the material misstatements. Managements of any business design their internal control to minimize the level of control risk and prevent the occurrence of material misstatement (Jans, Alles and Vasarhelyi, 2014). Inherent risk is the original risk level (probability x impact) before application of any treatment for mitigating risk. In the given case study of Posh limited, the record keeping system is in order except for the process of sales transaction. The transaction for sales are made at the end of each day and by that time the delivery are already made. Therefore, the sales transactions are susceptible to inherent risk as the sales transaction shall be processed at the time of delivery only. Further, as the inventory turnover ratios of the company are in continuously decreasing, there must be some control procedure for inventory to mitigate the inherent risk. The most crucial thing associated with the inventory is the proper documentation. The receipt of order must be signed at the time when it is received by the company. The personnel who is in charge of receiving the stock must check it fully and assure that every single item that is been ordered is delivered at accurate amount and exact condition. The incomplete order shall never be signed. Receiving is the 1st gateway for inventory and shall be properly controlled to assure proper internal control (Glover, Prawitt Drake, 2014). Substantive test procedures for the transactions to assess the monetary misstatements for determining whether the audit objectives related to accounting transaction have been satisfied for all the transactions or not. Substantive tests are carried out by Posh Limited to verify the accurateness of the clients accounting system. This is fulfilled by assessing the accounting system of the client. This is performed by going through the each individual transaction to analyze that whether they are recorded and summarized correctly in the journals, general ledgers or master files. The substantive tests procedures are also concerned with the transaction classes like cash receipts, acquisitions and payroll. Tracking the amounts from the voucher file for acquisition of journal is an instance for the substantive test procedure of the transactions (DeFond Lennox, 2016). One test that can be carried out to control the mentioned accounts of Posh Limited is dual-purpose test. As the substantive test as well as the control test both includes the inspection of the documents for each transaction, they are usually performed simultaneously. Though various tests are performed, it is crucial to be specific for the aim of the specific procedure. The Dual-purpose test specifically define regarding which tests are to be included as they are planned specifically to deliver direct evidence of substantive as well as control matters (PricewaterhouseCoopers Everson, 2013). Reference: Barndt, R. J., Fuller, L. R., Flynn, K. E. (2016). Teaching Inherent Risk and Tolerable Misstatement in Auditing: A Modified Delphi Method as a Teaching Tool. InAdvances in Accounting Education: Teaching and Curriculum Innovations(pp. 125-140). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. (Lecture 4) DeFond, M. L., Lennox, C. S. (2016). Do PCAOB Inspections Improve the Quality of Internal Control Audits?.Journal of Accounting Research. (Lecture 7) Glover, S. M., Prawitt, D. F., Drake, M. S. (2014). Between a Rock and a Hard Place: A Path Forward for Using Substantive Analytical Procedures in Auditing Large PL Accounts: Commentary and Analysis.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(3), 161-179. (Lecture 6) Jans, M., Alles, M.G. and Vasarhelyi, M.A., 2014. A field study on the use of process mining of event logs as an analytical procedure in auditing.The Accounting Review,89(5), pp.1751-1773. (Lecture 6) Jiang, W., Son, M. (2015). Do Audit Fees Reflect Risk Premiums for Control Risk?.Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance,30(3), 318-340. (Lecture 5) PricewaterhouseCoopers (Firme), Everson, M. E. (2013).Internal control: Integrated framework. Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. (Lecture 7) Walsh, A. (2014). Normative causation and inherent risk in the medical negligence context:'Paul v Cooke'[2013] NSWCA 311.Precedent (Sydney, NSW), (121), 51. (Lecture 4) Zhao, M., Cooney, M. T., Klipstein-Grobusch, K., Vaartjes, I., De Bacquer, D., De Sutter, J., ... AlFaleh, H. (2016). Simplifying the audit of risk factor recording and control: A report from an international study in 11 countries.European journal of preventive cardiology,23(11), 1202-1210. (Lecture 5)

Ecco Case Essay Example

Ecco Case Essay They priorities quality and reliability; the supply chain is configured to produce in accordance with specification and without error. ECHO has a very atypical operations strategy compared with their industry peers. Unlike their branded marketer competitors they produce their own materials and manufacture 80% of their own products in factories around the world. Owning and controlling the entire value chain gives them huge flexibility and allows them to maintain the highest levels of quality. Leone et al. 990) state that operation strategy consists of the key decision areas concerned with the structure and infrastructure of operations: 1. 1 Structure Capacity: The majority of the manufacturing capacity is located in Asia due to the low rates of labor. However these facilities have long lead times and make the supply susceptible to changes in customer demand. There are no manufacturing plants in USA, which is one of Cocos major markets. Process technology: This is a key asset to the co mpany and the core of Cocos product strategy was shoes based on direct injection. Competitors tried to copy the erect injection technique, however, ECHO performed many small tasks differently throughout the process, which improved quality and made it hard to imitate. Its products in-house. The remaining 20%, mostly shoes with very thin soles, are outsourced, as they do not benefit from Cocos core technology. Facilities: An independent configuration of global facilities with tanneries and fullest manufacturing facilities in Europe and Asia. Distribution centers are located in the major markets of Europe and United States. The decision to open facilities in China is to access cheap labor and to serve the growing Chinese domestic demand. Research and development is primarily carried out in Denmark. Cost base: Due to the labor intensive nature of show manufacturing ECHO locate their production facilities in cheap labor countries. However there is then a trade- off in lead times and more stock must be held in local distribution centers, which increases working capital. See Appendix 1 for a full break down of supply chain facilities in each country. Page 3 of 13 1. Infrastructure Planning and control: Cocos downstream retail shops ensure full access to customer demand data. This allowed them to plan and react to changes in demand and control he amount of inventory in distribution channels. Manufacturing control is achieved through benchmarking production and by having multiple production facilities so best practice could be shared between them. Quality: Quality is key to the company strategy quality. Quali ty management is maintained by having full control of the supply chain which allows ECHO to set quality standards much higher than they could expect from external suppliers. We will write a custom essay sample on Ecco Case specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ecco Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ecco Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Human resources: ECHO invests heavily in continuous training and education of its employees providing vocational training, career development and expatriation. Cosmologies, are carried out in Denmark, where they experiment with new materials, processes and technologies. Operational RD is carried out in the foreign production sites where they streamline processes and optimism the use of materials. Procurement: Compared to their competitors this is a very minor part of Cocos operations. They purchase raw hides for the tanneries and they outsource 20% of their shoes (those mainly with thin soles). We assume that ECHO maintain a number of suppliers to increase competition and to mitigate redundancy issues. 1. 3 Global vertical integration A global value chain is strengthened by the fact that shoes are relatively light compared to their value, have few local differences, are not complex to produce and have a long lifestyle. Operating a vertical value chain has advantages: 1 . Owning retail stores ensures access to consumer demand forecasts 2. Direct interface with customers helps with new product development. 3. Full control over the level of quality 4. Maintains shoe knowledge within company But also has challenges; 1 . Synergy advantage is only realizes if each discipline is performed better than competitors 2. The wide span of competencies required can dilute the focus of the company 3. Requires high investment and working capital levels 4. Increased costs of transporting materials around the world 5. A complex interlinked logistical process Page 4 of 13 A weakness of vertical integration is that it reduces the number of suppliers you can choose from (I. E. O must choose a company owned supplier), this lack of competition can lead to and increase in inefficiency. ECHO cleverly utilities multiple factories and tanneries to encourage internal competition and to keep quality high. 1. 4 Further operational execution examples . 4. 1 Manufacturing facilities Manufacturing in Asia provides low cost labor and the Slovakian facility serves the European market. ECHO made the Portuguese unit more hi gh-tech and this seems to deviate from the low cost labor strategy as its very capital intensive, this facility could be merged with the Danish facility. . 4. 2 Training centers The establishment of an education centre, research centre and the ECHO business that 80% of the companys leader should be recruited internally. 1. 4. 3 Faster lead times ECHO required faster lead times to serve the promising Russian market and the 3-4 eek transportation time from Asia was not acceptable. So a production facility was opened in Slovakia close to this new market, which also served to create extra capacity, and reduced the risk of delays from Thailand. 1. 4. Production cycle The speed of production is dependent on the flexibility and adaptability of the production system and the availability of the raw materials. Cocos tanneries in Europe and two adjacent to manufacturing facilities in Indonesia and Thailand enable ECHO to control: Efficient leather processing The quality of the leather produced Faster production of the leather Cocos global supply chain ECHO fully integrated value chain from cow to shoe means managing global operations . 2 Tanneries, manufacturing and distribution functions are owned, managed and run by ECHO. Page 5 of 13 Rawhides Germany France Denmark Finland Netherlands Thailand Indonesia Portugal Slovakia China United States Outsourcing Thin soled products 2. 1 Tanneries Cocos rationale for owning tanneries are their high demands on quality and lead times; they operate one tannery in the Netherlands and another two adjacent to manufacturing facilities in Asia. Locating tanneries close to manufacturing facilities means materials have less distance to travel and demand can be closely matched to supply. However the majority of the rawhides originate from Europe so have the additional cost to be shipped to the Asian manufacturing sites, which means ECHO are vulnerable to changes in transportation costs and it also increases the length of the working capital cycle. 2. 2 Manufacturing ECHO operate worldwide manufacturing facilities to achieving labor cost savings and to spread risk. Each production site specialties in a core competency (such as reduction of shoes or uppers), which allows for workers become expert at a particular part of the production process, which increases efficiency and lower the costs of production. The technology and knowledge intensive manufacturing functions (such as RD) are located in Europe whereas the labor intensive manufacturing is located in lower cost Asian countries. The downside to this configuration is that it may be harder to find high quality employees that match Cocos European values in Asia and also co-ordination the flow of information, materials, and people is much more difficult as the distance from corporate quarters increases. Locating manufacturing far away from retail markets increases lead times due to the inventory traveling time but also because of increased inspections and compliance at border crossings. ECHO had two main distribution centers one in the USA and one in Denmark, which feeds 26 sales subsidiaries. The majority of inventory travels through the distribution centre in Denmark, however only 6-9% of production is sold in Denmark so it then has to be shipped to the local distribution centers, some as far away as Japan. This extra travel increases lead times and costs and introduces a trade-off in terms of ERM of the cost and speed of transport methods; sea and road shipping is much more cost effective but slower and air transportation is very costly and should only be used for emergency shipments. Cocos global manufacturing facilities do not always match the retail markets it serves. In 2004 Cocos main retail markets were USA, Germany and Japan yet the majority of the production and distribution took place outside of these geographies. While we expect the Page 6 of 13 majority of manufacturing to be completed in low cost countries, in order to react to large changes in demand some manufacturing should take place close to large, important markets. 2. 4 Drivers and trends in the industry There are two main trends in the industry: 1 . Shoe brands are moving towards an outsourcing manufacturing model 2. The speed of consumer market trends is increasing Cocos competitors mainly outsource their production to manufacturing experts and use their extra resources to develop specialized sales and marketing competencies. In contrast ECHO need to develop a broader range of competencies that encompass manufacturing, materials, distribution and sales, which mean that they will not have the marketing strength of their competitors. Branding is important in consumer markets and global brands are created by large marketing budgets. Cocos integrated value chain requires large capital investments in manufacturing facilities, which means less capital to spend on marketing. As a brand it has huge awareness in Denmark (99. 4% brand recognition) but internationally this is much lower. Other benefits of outsourcing production include lower costs, a larger choice of suppliers and cheaper redundancy by having a network of suppliers. However their competitors also face downsides such as the substantial resources required to scrutinize the supplier network, monitor quality and maintain supplier relations. It can also make companies more vulnerable to the price increase in raw materials. In todays trend-driven consumer markets certain categories of shoes (such as trainers) are seen as fashion items, so the number of styles and new styles per year are more important than quality. 3 Therefore the higher levels of quality that ECHO provide are an extra cost that is not valued by the customer and provides no competitive advantage. 3 Supply chain risks and mitigation strategies We have focused on risks with the highest priority index and then discuss some dictation strategies that try to balance the risk reduction/reward trade-offs. Key Probability Cost of Mitigation High Medium Balancing capacity and inventory Impact Ezra only manufacture their clothes to worn 10 to 1 5 times, as they believe that after this the item will be out of fashion. The focus is on variety of their clothing lines and a reduction in quality. 4 The priority index is the severity x probability of occurrence x probabil ity of early detect

theater visit essays

theater visit essays On April 4th, I made my way to the music building to see Megan Miskill perform her Junior Music recital. Her concert was shared with a violin player, Trevor Corneliusen, but for this paper, I will only discuss Megans performance. She sang three sets of pieces: Schubert, Faure and Mozart. Each set was contrasting, yet featured her lyric soprano voice beautifully. Nick Williams was her accompanist. The first section of her concert was the Franz Schubert pieces. Schubert, a romantic composer, wrote pieces that focus mainly on nature, love, and unrequited passion. Megan sang Im Fruhling, Die Sterne, and Heimliches Leiben. Im Fruhling and Die Sterne both have a lighter tone color than Heimliches Leiben does. The texture of the first two pieces were lighter and had a sooth melody and softer dynamics. Although they both are melodically and harmonically complex, they still maintained a very positive, happy, feel. Both the first and the second of the Schubert pieces are very cyclical. The form of the first is ABABAA and the form of the second is AAAA. In the second, the melody is exactly the same except for a few accidental notes that were either flat of sharp. The third piece in the Schubert section, Heimliches Leiben, contrasts the first two pieces greatly. It is rhythemically different, starting slowly and then gradually speeding up. The dynamics get louder as the piece gets more passionate. There are bigger, more emotional chords and by the end, the pianist was pounding on the keys. In the second and third verses there is a climax because that is where the most passion is. It is as if the singer has reached a point of complete desperation. It was interesting to hear some more Schubert because we had just studied him in class. One can really get a sense of what romantic composers are like when one looks at the translated lyrics to Schubert's songs. ...

In relation to perception,what does it mean that we all lok at Essay

In relation to perception,what does it mean that we all lok at different situations in the work place though different lenses Why it is important for a manager - Essay Example The mind then processes it and makes it available for retrieval. The perceiver then responds according to the interpretations of the perceived situation or object. In the workplace, it is very important for a manager to understand how perception may help or hinder his management. There are different situations happening within the workplace that may affect the performance of the management and the employees depending on their perception of the issue or situation. The issues and events happening around the workplace are interpreted differently depending on their rank and status in the workplace. For example, an employee may see a rewards program as ineffective because of the lack of enticing rewards it offers and a manager may see it as ineffective because of the lack of participation from the employees. Depending on his role in the workplace, the individual interprets the situation in relation to his level of work. Understanding that the workplace is a vast field of opinions and interpretations, the manager can use his perception and that of his subordinates to improve their work performance and work relationships. The primary responsibility of a manager is to oversee and to manage the business or his assigned department, including the people within. With this responsibility comes the different situations in which he has to use his decision-making skills effectively and efficiently. Perception is very important in fulfilling this responsibility. Filtering out information that are not necessary to fulfill the task is important (Howard n.d.). Knowing what is needed information and what is not needed is important as it will define how the manager interprets and analyzes the situation. When making decisions, analyzing facts is more important than judging the situation based on intuition. Perception of an action depends on the meaning attributed to the

Explanatory Synthesis Essay (phone dangers) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Explanatory Synthesis (phone dangers) - Essay Example m to connect to their offices, plus the young adults who use these gadgets for entertainment (Sutko and Souza 811), it is impossible to ignore how this gadget can play a big role in an individuals life. The dangers associated with dependence on the gadget is not necessarily a psychological one, but rather, a physical one. While it can be argued that mobile phones provide people with â€Å"the ease and comfort of being able to contact family members immediately, or even being able to use it during emergencies† (Sutko and Souza 813-4), there is still considerable danger in the use of these gadgets. More people nowadays are able to purchase the gadget, while networks try so hard to keep up with the number of subscribers they can accommodate. While this may seem to be merely a business issue, as consumers, people should also understand what dangers lie under the presumption that mobile phones can be used for emergencies when in reality, a network being more and more crowded in time may prove this impossible. While that may still be under considerable argument, accidents caused by mobile phones is something that has been happening for decades. According to statistics, cell phone use causes over 300, 000 vehicle-related injuries and over 2, 500 vehicle-related deaths annually. These figures are out of the estimated 7 million vehicle-related accidents in the country per year (Blettner and Berg 927). That means mobile phone use is responsible for around 4.5% of vehicle-related accidents in the whole united States. For such a small gadget, this is such a big number. And for such a widely-used and relied on necessity, this is such a bothering fact. While some may argue that hands-free phone may resolve the issue, one has to consider that the advent of hands-free phones did not significantly reduce the number of mobile-phone related motor accidents in the past years (Blettner and Berg 931). Furthermore, the hidden dangers of mobile phone use associated with radiation (Zur,

Importance of Toys in Child Development

Importance of Toys in Child Development Toy’s And Development Bella Coreas Toys are fun and any child, no matter the age, will attest to that. Toys have the potential to teach in many ways as well as play a positive role in a child’s educational, social, emotional and physical development. â€Å"Play is the mechanism by which children learn how they experience their world, practice new skills, and internalize new ideas and is therefore the essential work of children†(Guyton, 2011). Physical, emotional and mental capacity are all a direct correlation of the environment a child grows in, especially the types of toys used during the child development stages. Genetics will play a role in the child development process and there are other factors as well that will be influenced through learned behaviors while playing with toys such as; family structure, nature surrounding/ environment, and basic education concepts. In the early years of life, children learn through play and interaction with family and friends. â€Å"Children are like sponges, ready to absorb any bit of knowledge that comes their way. With that in mind, toy stores have begun to carry more toys, games and plush animals that promote not just basic learning, but, more specifically, items that convey the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle and caring for the environment† (Levin, 2013). When children start to approach the preschool age, they begin to learn about numbers, letters and language skills. There are a lot of toys that motivate this type of learning, from basic alphabet puzzles to high-grade technological electronic gadgets. Modern day technology affords us the opportunity to have the school age child on your mobile device or tablet while you are grocery shopping for dinner. Toys of this type are positively influencing the development of your child by giving them an advance of the things that they will be ta ught in school at a later time. Children that are in school can adjunct their learning while having fun with educational toys. Giving a child the opportunity to have fun while preforming repeatedly, from the things they are learning in school, will amplify their retention with the things learned. When your child finds an educational toy that she or he really likes, she or he will be more likely to play with it, thus reiterating the things they have learned. Toys are necessary tools that are basic instructions for a child development in thoughts fantasies and creativity. As the child gets older the toys began to change, but the same learning in taking place just on a higher level. Once beyond elementary school and onto middle school the child begins to explore classes like wood shop, keyboarding, and home economics. These are all from the foundation of toys and play. Middle school is also where a child can start to partake in extra-curricular activities like the chess club, basketbal l and robotics. All of these activates can be built upon at the high school level as well. The learning is even more enhanced because now the repetition of the play as a preschool child has begun to improve your technique and you have mastered the skill for years of toys and play. While learning through play for many years you development a team of peers who also enjoy playing with the toys with you. These peers are commonly referred to as your friends. This makes you play more enjoyable and gives you someone to also evaluate the success of you play with yourself. Play aids in the social development as well and as the child grows through playing with toys so does their social development. Many studies find that play is positively related to a host of cognitive and social skills. In the recent CNN Opinion article, (â€Å"want to get your kids into college?†) Let the children play, Erika Christakis and Nicholas Christakis shared the following: within the act of play, children l earn to share, defer there gratification, bargain or negotiate conflicts, problem solving, share goals, obtain flexibility, and live with disgruntlement. By authorizing children to walking in another persons shoes, imaginative play accurse and seeds the development of empathy, which is a key component for intellectual, social, and emotional success. The real readiness skills that make for an academically accomplished kindergartener or college student has as much to do with emotional intellect as it does with academic preparation. Kindergartners require not just sight words and lower case letters, but also the knowledge and know how when it comes search for meaning. The same can be said of 18-year-olds, as admissions officers at several different colleges like to say, an entire freshman class may be filled with students that possess perfect grades and test scores. Academic advancement in college requires readiness skills that exceed mere book learning. It entails the ability to invol ve actively with people and there philosophies. In short, it needs a deep connection with the world. For a five year-old, this assembly begins and ends with the creating, questioning, imitating, dreaming, and sharing that characterize play. When we repudiate young children in play, we are literally refuting them the right to understand the world. By the time they progress into college, we will have denied them the opportunity to fix the world as they would see it. Securing a childs educational and social development through toys and play also connects the emotional development. Playing is important to children; it is the way they practice and prepare to grow up. Toys are the tools children use in play, they can be a high tech purchase or they may be as simple as a kitchen pot, pan lid or paper sack puppets. In fact, you may have watched infants open presents and notice that they spent more time playing with ribbon and wrapping than with the toy inside. Conduced within play children develop skills called, executive function, the main characteristic of this elevated level brain activity is the ability to self-regulate. When this area of the brain is well established, children are able to regulate their emotions, behavior, and are better able to counterattack impulses, and have a greater amount of self-control. This will decrease the amount of incidences in school when the child is not given what they think they deserve and reduce the opinion of harsh or unfair treatment. Self-regulation is an essential skill for success in life, children need unstructured play time to mature these abilities. There are many toys that help with the imagination of a child; just about all types of toys help with some form of development when it comes to a child’s inventiveness. When children are interactive in play, they use their thoughts, dreams and fancies for creative-thinking skills all to explore and discover the many structures a toy has to offer. Encouraged experimentation, can be used in a variety of ways, and utilized inversely every time. There are several different toys that foster creativity when it comes to involved pretend role-play, such as action figures, adventure play sets and dress up. It is just as imperative as the type of toy making sure there is enough time to play with them. Children need time to get there mind set for their interactive play and the process that it in tales, their creativity cultivates along wit h other developmental skills. Art materials foster creativity and appreciation of beauty. Sadly, many children spend more time watching television, not attending academic focused programs or lack of adult directed lessons. It is much more beneficial to be playing with friends outdoors, creating, and being crafty with various materials, building with legos, blocks or playing make-believe. Through mutual play with toys children are also taught many more life lessons rather it be through materials, friends, or outdoors. Outdoors play often forester the development of the child physically. Physical development through toys also enhances the overall child. Children also develop in many ways including through physical, mental and interactive play. According to a January 2007 clinical report in the journal â€Å"Pediatrics,† â€Å"play contributes to the cognitive, social, physical, and emotional welfare of a child or adolescent (Moore, 2007). Physical development encompasses your childs motor skills, which are those that require him to move his body. Motor skill is split into fine motor skills and gross motor skills, both being of equal importance. Gross motor skills encompass the coordination and control of large muscles like walking, sitting and running. Fine motor skills(or manipulation) encompasses the coordination and control of small muscles skills like holding a rattle, picking up crumbs or scribbling with a pencil and pen. Physical development affords children with the abilities they require to explore and network with the world around that surrounds them. Young children’s physical growth first begins as muscles g ain strength while a child gradually develops coordination. The development of muscular control is the first step in this process. Toys are very valuable at this point because they are developing the muscle that you child needs to survive when doing everyday task such as sitting up in a chair or writing. These chores are bound to you throughout life and for the duration of your life. This is when toys such as the walker because important and as the child gets older the toys that is simulated to look like a lawnmower that you push while walking are important. Motor skills are a necessity in life and toys aid in the development kick ball helps with your motor skills as well as grabbing the mobile from a child crib. Motor skills are a learned sequence of movement combined to produce a smooth, efficient action in order to master a particular task. These toys generally have a cause and effect that will encourage muscle movement. â€Å"Teachers can maximize opportunities to build new ski lls by being mindful of where children are developmentally, what their interests are and what skills they, as educators, want children to learn† Moore,2009).. Parents being the first teacher a child will come in contact with need to know what type of toys will promote motor skill development. There are many other varieties of toys that foster creativity, as well as toys that consist of pretend role-play, such as action figures, and adventure play sets, these toys also stimulate physical development. It is just as critical to make sure there is time for children to play with their toys. During the play time of a child they begin and continue to play as their creativity will grow along with the development of skills. Hardwood blocks teach children about geometry, shapes, balance and gravity when the towers come crashing down. This will also help build muscle strength. Outdoor play equipment builds muscles and confidence that the child can meet physical challenges in everyday lif e. There are also experimental materials like sand and clay. These flexible toys offer the child control as they shape and distribute the materials. Materials like sand and clay appeals to a child’s senses. It develops the child’s sense to sight and especially touch. Children will all admit that toys are fun, but toys are tools that are used to help children learn about themselves, as well as the world around them. Healthy play is critical for the growth and educational development, social, emotional, and physical development of children. Through play children also learn to solve problems, to get along with others. To develop the fine and gross motor skills that are needed to grow and learn to preparation them for adulthood. The challenges of toys prepare children encounter what cards life may deal them and reminds them that they have already solved that problem while it was not so alarming to them. The answer then came when they were calm and experience that best time of their life- the answer came during their play time with their toys. Now that can take of any challenger that life brings them. â€Å"As we move forward into this brave new future of play, those who are most effective may well be those brave individuals who see themselves as stu dents and accept that they simply don’t get it. Once done, they can begin the process of either educating themselves or allying with those who do† (Richard 163). Works Cited Christakis, N. . (2010, Dec 29). What To Get Your Kids Into College?Let Them Play. Retrieved from CNN.com: http://www.cnn.com Gottlieb, R. (2013). Do You Get It? Plaything , 163. Guyton, G. (2011, September 25). Using Toys to Support Infant-Toddler Learning and Development. Retrieved 2013, from Young Children. Levin, A. (2013). Toys that Teach How a Healthy Lifestyle Can be Taught Through Play. Plush and Toys, 168. Reifel, J. (2006-2012). Brain Research and Development. Retrieved 2013, from Education.com: http://www.education.com/reference/article/brain-research-child-development/ Toys to boost Child Creativity. (n.d.). Retrieved November 6, 2013, from The Creativity institute: http://www.creativityinstitute.com/earlychildhooddevelopment .

Sustainability in the Mining Industry

ANSWER OF QUESTION ( A ) : Mining has really negative effects on the environment. Environmental ethical theories have formed in western states in 20Thursdaycentury. Sustainable is really necessary for the overall development of the state and it means sustain and development. It requires the reason and culturally modified human existences to run into their cultural demands through the rational stuff for societal and economic agencies. It besides required that human activities must be based on the esteeming the environment and our natural universe and grow harmonious relationship. In excavation industry, there are ever disputing statements about net incomes and benefits. The forfeit of one individual is ever the benefit for the other and the regulating Torahs, regulations and ordinances and job resolution attacks vary between specific states and trade goods. But there is no cardinal ethical model or charter to steer the operations and determination devising of, mining industry. It is a field that is small explored and discovered that is why it is developing in a manner that to destruct our environment and natural universe. Human want to travel more stuff and assets on the surface of the planet Earth each twelvemonth than the ice glaciers of the last ice age. All the effects are non due to mining but there are assorted premier grounds for such singular attempt. The effects of excavation industry goes beyond the entire size of mine. From a corporate point of position, excavation has many economic and societal advantages which includes low production costs, low capital investing, short development clip and high productiveness. One definite effect is, that sedimentations or which would otherwise wasteful, can commercially misused. Perversely, it is an extraction procedure that has much greater environmental feelings than an ordinary resistance procedure, slightly because of the really immense volume of waste stone generated. An unfastened prey can be anticipated to bring forth about 50 times more waste stone than an belowground mine. Some characteristics of excavation industry are similar to those of below ground operations. Chasing infra-structure development and storage of stock list or other undertakings such as rail line, lodging, power workss and roads pose the same challenges to the environment. There is an exasperating ineffectualness about speech production of â€Å"mining, † as if it were consistent singular. Mining is the stuff that is a foundation for life and doing it disputing to overstate its importance. It is besides called the portion of â€Å"metabolism† for any civilisation. Major civilisations in history are named harmonizing to their cardinal mineral merchandises. Humanity depends upon the minerals to defy its being more than of all time in history. The development of population, proliferation of electronic games and appliances, bringing of electricity and velocity of transit, all depend on the development of excavation industry. Mining brings with it both benefits and costs. An industrial mine requires assorted things to do the concern in working status. It needs top geologists, mining applied scientists, trained labour, geochemists, expensive machinery, security, complex chemicals and roads. Probably all the mines are off the grid that is why it needs a power works and most significantly, it needs immense sum of nutrient and H2O. Mining industries are in babyhood phase that is why there is no international jurisprudence which governs the excavation undertakings. As a replacement, there are more than a twelve compacts, criterions and codifications that are all self-enforced and voluntary. These besides comprises the International Cyanide Management Code, the International Finance Corporation’s Performance Codes, the Equator Principles, the Global Reporting Ingenuity, the Natural Resource Charter, the United Nations’ â€Å"Ruggie Codes, and the Extractive Industries Transparency Ingenuity† are really few names. Every new construction attempt to try to trump the predating 1s by signifyingtheessential codifications of corporate battle in excavation developments. But these different constructions are besides reflect as an implicit in competition thick development bookmans, practicians and bureaus. Many of these persons, bookmans, practicians and organisations are viing and disputing others for support from the same little group of subscribers, and frequently intended to fund their definite enterprises through association fees from the corporations they are trying to consequence. Apart these inventivenesss, the guiding criterions are used to advance economic development that reimbursements everyone that involved, i.e. foreign companies, local communities and host authoritiess. It must non to interrogate the implicit in ecological and economic value of specific mines industries. The enlargement of excavation is recognized as ineluctable. These criterions and rules are full with the footings like â€Å"minimize, † â€Å"adequate, † and â€Å"mitigate† as in â€Å"minimize natural resettlement† or â€Å"lessen the inauspicious impacts.† It is merely a rhetoric of vagueness. The grade is really hard to exemplify that phenomena because a mine is non merely a hole in the Earth but there are many cavities and stones covering a big country, in such a manner that it may take two or three yearss to see the composite, and even so a tourer or supervisor would non cognize all its facet and dimensions. ANSWER OF QUESTION ( C ) : Biological redress of mine sites is the other name of the mine renewal. It is a procedure of reconstructing land that has been excavated for an economically or natural operational intent. Although the process of mine renewal ensues one time excavation is accomplished ; the planning and readying of mine renewal achievements occur prior to a mine being started or permitted. Mine renewal generates utile landscapes that meet a diverseness of ends widening from the reestablishment of productive bionetworks to the constitution of municipal and industrial resources. In the United States, mine recovery is a systematic portion of modern excavation activities. Modern mine retrieval mitigates and minimizes the environmental effects of excavation. Biological redress includes the arrangement of Earth or an sanctioned aide on the ranked country, contouring of land, reseeding with intrinsic flora, trees and harvests and besides old ages of careful look intoing to guarantee success. Poisonous solutions from acerb mine drainage are delinquent in the excavation procedure of coal and metals extraction. This phenomena is recognized as ARD ( acerb stone drainage ) or AMD ( acerb mine drainage ) . It ensues when sulphuric acid is produced during the excavation processes of sulfide minerals and exposed to H2O or air, and the disturbance of micro-organisms. That is a natural occurring procedure ; nevertheless the excavation activity accelerates it and increases the formation of acid from the minerals. When out of control the AMD can take to the disintegration of toxic elements to H2O watercourses and dirt ( i.e. lead, Zn, Cu, arsenic, Se, quicksilver and Cd ) . The application of controlled biotechnological elucidations on these topographic points can assist to avoid the dirt and H2O pollution and became a concern chance for the investors. On the contrary, the redress of heavy metals and toxic solutions from mining chasing H2O is tremendously important due to its extremely toxicant consequence. Some bio-mining micro-organisms are capable to bring forth metabolites that work by entraping heavy metals and restraining its spread into the bio-atmosphere. Bio Sigma has the capacity to develop undertakings that can take part in the bioremediation of trashs from the excavation hustle. Bioremediation of contaminated dirts is a natural decrease procedure that is go oning about everyplace in our planet Earth and since life foremost appeared or existed on the planet Earth about 3,500 million old ages ago. Surely, the initial theory of the bioremediation process is that after the thought framed in 1979 in Gaia theory. Harmonizing to such hypothesis, the planet Earth, in its remotest portion, be similar to a individual being that under the achievement of external facets, chiefly human achievements, activates setups to reconstruct environmental scenes suited for life. Clearly, the challenging of dirt pollution with heavy metals appears to follow this constellation. In such a mode that natural ecosystems spontaneously activate biochemical processs led to restrict the harmful gear provoked. These natural classs include the achievement of the microbic dwellers present in the Earth, the sorption of toxins by specific dirt elements or its agglomeration into nucleuss. The potency of Earth for bioremediation of toxins are based on the great figure of micro-organisms bing in this tellurian district. It has been projected that each gm of Earth may incorporate up to 1010 bacterial cells. However, the efficaciousness of this procedure be contingent on several factors surrounded by the most pertinent are the types of drosss and its speculation and the physicochemical, microbiological and mineralogical features of the host Earth. Though monitored natural decrease was ab initio concentrated on organic pollutants, there is a turning attending in understanding the fate of inorganic drosss, particularly heavy metals and hydro Cs in dirts. In the state of affairs of heavy metals, the countenances of the Earth matrix have a colossal influence on their bioavailability and mobility through leaching and sorption bioprocesses. For illustration, manganese and Fe ( hydro ) oxides are a chief sorbent dross of metals in dirt. Additionally, these mineral sections can be generate during biogenic processs, micro-organisms can play a major function in sanitation of Earths. One of the premier challenges in this country is how to cover with the tremendous sum of sedimentations generated in excavation dispensation operations over long epochs of clip and in many fortunes situated in the earth’s crust. For illustration, many of the prevailing abandoned mine topographic points that can be categorized as possible contagious disease beginnings of heavy metals and hydrocarbons are clearly pretentious by enduring issues. Therefore, it is important to optimise the scheme of mine wastes storage with the intent of bar from mobilisation and weathering of contaminations. Figure 1: Beginnings of heavy metals and their cycling in natural ecosystems The cardinal foundations of heavy metals pollution of Earth are both of anthropogenic and natural beginning. At the present times, nevertheless, the announcement of heavy metals into the environments is chiefly due to human achievements that comprise among others, i.e. agribusiness ( pesticides and fertilisers etc. ) and metallurgical achievements ( excavation, smelting, completing and metal transmutation etc. ) . The deleterious effects of these heavy metals on animate beings or workss are apparent when extant in applications above a threshold significance. On the other manus, some heavy metals ( Fe, Ni, Mn, Zn, Co and Cu ) , in low deliberation, aid as micronutrients and are indispensable elements for the development of animate beings and works. In the patterned advance of heavy metals in earthly ecosystems, the contented of metals signifiers up from left to compensate along the trophic series. In a first methodological analysis, earth consist of a great diverseness of elements that includes the atoms of inorganic minerals, populating micro-organisms, aqueous solutions, gases and dead organic affair that fill the infinites. However, the inorganic stuff is by far the most voluminous fraction in Earth. Heavy metals in natural scenes are attach toing to different Earth parts, harmonizing to the agreement. Therefore, there is a clear association between the dispersion of metals in each part and the grade of metal armament in the natural state of affairs. In this mode, metals are more bio-available in the redeemable than in the tarriance fraction. Given the impending for serious ecological harm and burdensome renewal operating expenses, it is practical to prosecute long-run and cost effectual interventions for acidic mine drainage. Submissive intervention systems harness the of course go oning procedures to rectify pollutants. The possible compensations of submissive intervention are lower operating expenses, fewer site visits requisite, ability to work in distant countries, chances to utilize reprocessed or waste stuffs, and more natural signifier. Potential disadvantages include susceptibleness to high watercourses and high pollutant concentrations, cyclical fluctuation in presentation, the demand for intervallic redevelopment or care, infinite necessities, and the comparative lack of proficient cognition with these systems.

1. How Does Tim Blake Nelson Represent the Character of Hugo

Tim Blake Nelson’s film â€Å"O†, modernised the original Elizabethan play Othello into a 21st century American film to suite the values and society of the modern audiences. It becomes noticeable in the film that Hugo is always disconnected and shows his deceptiveness through manipulating Odin. Hugo’s family relationship highlights his jealousy for Odin as his own father, who is also the coach of the basketball team, devotes more time and shows only love for Odin rather than his own son.This is noticeable through the scene when Hugo is having dinner with his parents, the close ups on each one’s faces portrays the awkward atmosphere. The mother’s facial expression portrays the innocence and weak female, whilst the father appears more dominant and confident. The awkwardness between family members show that Hugo is living in a unnatural and unloving environment which causes him to have resentment against Odin for taking his fathers love away. This prov ides us a reason why Hugo might hate Odin so much.In contrast, Iago shows jealousy towards Othello, but he is not jealous because of his profession, it is just the fact that a dumber, black person is giving orders to him to do things. Shakespeare emphasis Iago’s hatred for Othello because his simply black and different. We only know that Iago is simply evil and deceptive from the beginning. But, Tim Blake Nelson interprets in a different way by giving us the clue of Hugo’s jealousy thus manipulating the audience to have some sympathy for the antagonist as well.Also throughout the film, Tim Blake Nelson purposely makes Hugo to be disconnected from others to separate him. This is illustrated in the scene when the basketball team is having a meeting in a room and Hugo is noticeably furthest away from his father and rest of the teammates, crouching near the door by himself. The use of long shot of Hugo represents his disconnection with others as it shows Hugo’s the nearby surroundings to exhibit that no one is sitting near him and thus suggesting that he is separated from others all the time.This is comparable with the original text and Iago’s disconnectedness with others. The use of soliloquy by Iago throughout the text shows the power of being aside. He purposely separates himself to talk about his deceptive plans to manipulate Othello and, it is apparent that Iago is the only one that has a soliloquy. So it is apparent that Tim Blake Nelson has interpreted the notion of disconnection and applied film techniques to reinforce it.

Exploring the American West in the 19th Century